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Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 294-300 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0351-0

摘要：

The elastic modulus of a deposit (Ed) can be obtained by monitoring the temperature (?T) and curvature (?k) of a one-side coated long plate, namely, a one-dimensional (1D) deformation model. The aim of this research is to design an experimental setup that proves whether a 1D deformation model can be scaled for complex geometries. The setup includes a laser displacement sensor mounted on a robotic arm capable of scanning a specimen surface and measuring its deformation. The reproducibility of the results is verified by comparing the present results with Stony Brook University Laboratory’s results. The ?k-?T slope error is less than 8%, and the Ed estimation error is close to 2%. These values reveal the repeatability of the experiments. Several samples fabricated with aluminum as the substrate and 100MXC nanowire (Fe and Cr alloy) as the deposit are analyzed and compared with those in finite element (FE) simulations. The linear elastic behavior of 1D (flat long plate) and 2D (squared plate) specimens during heating/cooling cycles is demonstrated by the high linearity of all ?k-?T curves (over 97%). The Ed values are approximately equal for 1D and 2D analyses, with a median of 96 GPa and standard deviation of 2 GPa. The correspondence between the experimental and simulated results for the 1D and 2D specimens reveals that deformation and thermal stress in coated specimens can be predicted regardless of specimen geometry through FE modeling and by using the experimental value of Ed. An example of a turbine-blade-shaped substrate is presented to validate the approach.

关键词： in-plane     Young’s modulus     curvature temperature     thermal stress     coating    

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Advanced cement based nanocomposites reinforced with MWCNTs and CNFs

GDOUTOS,Maria S. KONSTA-GDOUTOS,Panagiotis A. DANOGLIDIS,Surendra P. SHAH

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 142-149 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0342-1

摘要： Cementitious materials reinforced with well dispersed multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) at the nanoscale were fabricated and tested. The MWCNTs and CNFs were dispersed by the application of ultrasonic energy and the use of a superplasticizer. Mechanical and fracture properties including flexural strength, Young’s modulus, flexural and fracture toughness were measured and compared with similarly processed reference cement based mixes without the nano-reinforcement. The MWCNTs and CNFs reinforced mortars exhibited superior properties demonstrated by a significant improvement in flexural strength (106%), Young’s modulus (95%), flexural toughness (105%), effective crack length (30%) and fracture toughness (120%).

关键词： multi-walled carbon nanotubes     carbon nanofibers     mortars     toughness     Young’s modulus    

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Insight into the role of cholesterol in modulation of morphology and mechanical properties of CHO-K1 cells: An in situ AFM study

Lei Zhang, Lisha Zhao, Ping-Kai Ouyang, Pu Chen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 98-107 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1775-y

摘要：

Cholesterol plays a significant role in the organization of lipids and modulation of membrane dynamics in mammalian cells. However, the effect of cholesterol depletion on the eukaryotic cell membranes seems controversial. In this study, the effects of cholesterol on the topography and mechanical behaviors of CHO-K1 cells with manipulated membrane cholesterol contents were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique. Here, we found that the depletion of cholesterol in cell membranes could increase the membrane stiffness, reduce the cell height as well as promote cell retraction and detachment from the surface, whereas the cholesterol restoration could reverse the effect of cholesterol depletion on the membrane stiffness. Increased methyl-β-cyclodextrin levels and incubation time could significantly increase Young’s modulus and degree of stiffing on cell membrane and cytoskeleton. This research demonstratede importance of cholesterol in regulating the dynamics of cytoskeleton-mediated processes. AFM technique offers excellent advantages in the dynamic monitoring of the change in membranes mechanical properties and behaviors during the imaging process. This promising technology can be utilized in studying the membrane properties and elucidating the underlying mechanism of distinct cells in the near-native environment.

关键词： cholesterol     methyl-β-cyclodextrin     atomic force microscopy     Young’s modulus     CHO-K1 cell    

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通过 B 位Ta置换对 AB O4型EuNbO4的热学和力学性质进行优化 Article

陈琳, 冯晶

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第2期   页码 177-184 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.006

摘要：

铁弹性的ABO4型RETaO4陶瓷和RENbO4陶瓷（RE表示稀土）是具有潜在应用价值的热障涂层（TBC）材料，研究人员正在对其进行大量研究。结果显示， RETaO4陶瓷的力学性质优于RENbO4陶瓷的力学性质。在本研究中，我们通过B位钽（Ta）置换对利用固相法（SSR）制备的EuNbO4陶瓷的热学和力学性质进行优化。我们使用X射线衍射（XRD）法和拉曼光谱技术对所制备的晶体结构进行确认，并利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对结构表面的微观形貌进行观察。结果表明，通过B位Ta置换可以有效提高EuNbO4陶瓷的杨氏模量和热膨胀系数（TEC），且其最大值分别为169 GPa和1.12×10−5 K−1（1200 ℃）； EuNbO4陶瓷的热导率被降低至1.52 W·K–1·m–1（700 ℃），且材料的抗热辐射能力得到了改善。我们建立了声子热扩散系数与温度之间的关系，用以通过消除热辐射效应来确定声子本征热导率。研究结果表明，通过B位Ta置换能够有效优化EuNbO4的热学和力学性质，从而使得此种材料在将来可成为一种高温结构陶瓷材料。

关键词： 热障涂层，稀土铌酸盐，置换，热导率，热膨胀系数，杨氏模量    

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Plated contacts for solar cells with superior adhesion strength to screen printed solar cells

CHEN,S. WANG,A. WENHAM,Z. SHI,T. YOUNG,J. JI,M. EDWARDS,A. SUGIANTO,L. MAI,S. WENHAM,C. CHONG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 72-77 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0428-4

摘要： The improvement of adhesion strength and durability of plated contacts is required for cell manufacturers to gain confidence for large-scale manufacturing. To overcome weak adhesion at the metal/Si interface, new approaches were developed. These involve the formation of laser-ablated anchor points, or grooves in the extreme case of overlapping anchor points, in the heavily doped silicon surface. When plated, these features greatly strengthen the mechanical adhesion strength of the metal. A stylus-based adhesion tester was developed specifically for evaluating the effectiveness of plated contacts to smooth silicon surfaces. The use of such a tester was also extended in this work to textured and roughened surfaces to allow evaluation of different metal contacting approaches. The adhesion strengths for various metal contacting schemes were evaluated, including screen-printed silver contacts, nickel/copper (Ni/Cu) light-induced plated (LIP) contacts for laser-doped selective emitter (LDSE) cells, buried-contact solar cells (BCSCs), and Ni/Cu LIP contacts formed with laser-ablated anchoring points in selective emitter (LAASE) cells. The latter has superior adhesion strength. The standard “peel test” of the industry was compared to the stylus-based adhesion testing, with the latter shown value for testing metal contacts on smooth surfaces but with caution needed for use with textured or roughened surfaces.

关键词： light-induced plating     metal adhesion strength     copper plating     metal contacts     solar cell durability     silicon solar cells    

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Strength reduction factors for structural rubbercrete

Bashar S. MOHAMMED,N. J. AZMI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 270-281 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0265-7

摘要： Many researches have been carried out to study the fresh and hardened properties of concrete containing crumb rubber as replacement to fine aggregate by volume, yet there is no specific guideline has been developed on the mix design of the rubbercrete. The experimental program, which has been developed and reported in this paper, is designed and executed to provide such mix design guidelines. A total of 45 concrete mixes with three different water to cement ratio (0.41, 0.57 and 0.68) were cast and tested for fresh and mechanical properties of rubbercrete such as slump, air content, unit weight, compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. Influence of mix design parameters such as percentage of crumb rubber replacement, cement content, water content, fine aggregate content, and coarse aggregate content were investigated. Three levels of slump value (for conventional concrete mixes) has been selected; low, medium and high slump. In each slump level, water content was kept constant. Equations for the reduction factors (RFs) for compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity have been developed. These RFs can be used to design rubbercrete mixes based on the conventional mix (0% crumb rubber content)

关键词： crumb rubber     recycled tire     mix design     reduction factor     strength     modulus elasticity    

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Empirical models and design codes in prediction of modulus of elasticity of concrete

Behnam VAKHSHOURI, Shami NEJADI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 38-48 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0479-1

摘要： Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) is a key parameter in reinforced concrete design. It represents the stress-strain relationship in the elastic range and is used in the prediction of concrete structures. Out of range estimation of MOE in the existing codes of practice strongly affect the design and performance of the concrete structures. This study includes: (a) evaluation and comparison of the existing analytical models to estimating the MOE in normal strength concrete, and (b) proposing and verifying a new model. In addition, a wide range of experimental databases and empirical models to estimate the MOE from compressive strength and density of concrete are evaluated to verification of the proposed model. The results show underestimation of MOE of conventional concrete in majority of the existing models. Also, considering the consistency between density and mechanical properties of concrete, the predicted MOE in the models including density effect, are more compatible with the experimental results.

关键词： modulus of elasticity     normal strength normal weight concrete     empirical models     design codes     compressive strength     density    

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Preliminary experimental study of a supercritical CO

Junhyun CHO, Hyungki SHIN, Jongjae CHO, Young-Seok KANG, Ho-Sang RA, Chulwoo ROH, Beomjoon LEE, GilbongLEE, Byunghui KIM, Young-Jin BAIK

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 452-460 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0504-4

摘要： Research on applying a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle (S-CO ) to concentrating solar power (CSP) instead of a steam Rankine cycle or an air Brayton cycle has been recently conducted. An S-CO system is suitable for CSP owing to its compactness, higher efficiency, and dry-cooling capability. At the Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), to implement an S-CO system, a 10 kWe class test loop with a turbine-alternator-compressor (TAC) using gas foil bearings was developed. A basic sub-kWe class test loop with a high-speed radial type turbo-generator and a test loop with a capability of tens of kWe with an axial type turbo-generator were then developed. To solve the technical bottleneck of S-CO turbomachinery, a partial admission nozzle and oil-lubrication bearings were used in the turbo-generators. To experience the closed-power cycle and develop an operational strategy of S-CO operated at high pressure, an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) operating test using a refrigerant as the working fluid was conducted owing to its operational capability at relatively low-pressure conditions of approximately 30 to 40 bar. By operating the sub-kWe class test loop using R134a as the working fluid instead of CO , an average turbine power of 400 W was obtained.

关键词： supercritical CO2     power cycle     turbomachinery     compressor     turbine    

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The 2022 Young Talent Award Winners

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1597-5

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高饱和土固结及饱和度对土体固结的影响

金志高

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第9期   页码 73-76

摘要：

以Terzaghi土体固结理论和Biot固结理论为基础，按饱和度不同的分类，研究了高饱和土固结机理及过程，深入分析了高饱和土饱和度变化对孔隙流体压缩性的影响，以及由此影响到高饱和土的固结全过程。

关键词： 固结     饱和度     体变模量     压缩    

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An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1653-1653 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0578-7

摘要： In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) in the construction industry. However, the E-modulus and strength of such members at high service temperatures is still unknown. Modulus and strength of FRP at high service temperatures are highly required parameters for full design. The knowledge and application of this could lead to a cost effective and practical consideration in fire safety design. Thus, this paper proposes design methods for calculating the E-modulus and strength of FRP members at different temperatures. Experimental data from literature were normalized and compared with the results predicted by this method. It was found that the proposed design methods conservatively estimate the E-modulus and strength of FRP structural members. In addition, comparison was also made with direct references to the real behavior of materials. It was found to be satisfactory. Finally, an application is provided.

关键词： concrete     fiber reinforced polymer     E-modulus     strength     temperatures    

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Advances of 12th CAPS research symposium: young chemists and chemical engineers fronts

Guoping Hu, Baiqian Dai

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 461-463 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2026-6

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Growing collaborations between Chinese and UK young scholars on chemical science and technology

Weiping Wu, Xiaolei Fan, Yongliang Li, Ruijiao Dong

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 1-3 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2027-5

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Sorption enhanced catalytic CF

Jae-Yun Han, Chang-Hyun Kim, Boreum Lee, Sung-Chan Nam, Ho-Young Jung, Hankwon Lim, Kwan-Young Lee, Shin-Kun

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 537-544 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1651-1

摘要： In this study, we developed a three-stage catalyst-adsorbent reactor for the catalytic hydrolysis of CF . Each stage is composed of a catalyst bed followed by an adsorbent bed using Ca(OH) to remove HF. The three stages are connected in series to enhance the hydrolysis of CF and eliminate a scrubber to dissolve HF in water at the same time. With a 10 wt-% Ce/Al O catalyst prepared by the incipient wetness method using boehmite and a granular calcium hydroxide as an adsorbent, the CF conversion in our proposed reactor was 7%–23% higher than that in a conventional single-bed catalytic reactor in the temperature range of 923–1023 K. In addition, experimental and numerical simulation (Aspen HYSYS ) results showed a reasonable trend of increased CF conversion with the adsorbent added and these results can be used as a useful design guideline for our newly proposed multistage reactor system.

关键词： PFCs     catalytic hydrolysis     calcium hydroxide     sorption enhanced     process simulation    

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Comments from young scholars: Can machines completely replace humans in manufacturing processes?

Shanlin YANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第4期   页码 541-547 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018207

摘要：
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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

期刊论文

Advanced cement based nanocomposites reinforced with MWCNTs and CNFs

GDOUTOS,Maria S. KONSTA-GDOUTOS,Panagiotis A. DANOGLIDIS,Surendra P. SHAH

期刊论文

Insight into the role of cholesterol in modulation of morphology and mechanical properties of CHO-K1 cells: An in situ AFM study

Lei Zhang, Lisha Zhao, Ping-Kai Ouyang, Pu Chen

期刊论文

通过 B 位Ta置换对 AB O4型EuNbO4的热学和力学性质进行优化

陈琳, 冯晶

期刊论文

Plated contacts for solar cells with superior adhesion strength to screen printed solar cells

CHEN,S. WANG,A. WENHAM,Z. SHI,T. YOUNG,J. JI,M. EDWARDS,A. SUGIANTO,L. MAI,S. WENHAM,C. CHONG

期刊论文

Strength reduction factors for structural rubbercrete

Bashar S. MOHAMMED,N. J. AZMI

期刊论文

Empirical models and design codes in prediction of modulus of elasticity of concrete

Behnam VAKHSHOURI, Shami NEJADI

期刊论文

Preliminary experimental study of a supercritical CO

Junhyun CHO, Hyungki SHIN, Jongjae CHO, Young-Seok KANG, Ho-Sang RA, Chulwoo ROH, Beomjoon LEE, GilbongLEE, Byunghui KIM, Young-Jin BAIK

期刊论文

The 2022 Young Talent Award Winners

期刊论文

高饱和土固结及饱和度对土体固结的影响

金志高

期刊论文

An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

期刊论文

Advances of 12th CAPS research symposium: young chemists and chemical engineers fronts

Guoping Hu, Baiqian Dai

期刊论文

Growing collaborations between Chinese and UK young scholars on chemical science and technology

Weiping Wu, Xiaolei Fan, Yongliang Li, Ruijiao Dong

期刊论文

Sorption enhanced catalytic CF

Jae-Yun Han, Chang-Hyun Kim, Boreum Lee, Sung-Chan Nam, Ho-Young Jung, Hankwon Lim, Kwan-Young Lee, Shin-Kun

期刊论文

Comments from young scholars: Can machines completely replace humans in manufacturing processes?

Shanlin YANG

期刊论文